Forage & honey flows
Spring is slow to start. Sycamore and hawthorn carry the early flow; oilseed rape is moderate on the lowland. Lime fills June in Durham, Bishop Auckland and Darlington. The defining late-summer flow is North Pennines heather — Teesdale, Weardale, Edmundbyers — still producing some of the finest ling honey in England. Rosebay willowherb is heavy on ex-colliery land; bilberry on upper moorland adds a supplement. Ivy on cottage walls in the dales closes the year.